Subfamily Columbinae
Columba
Streptopelia
Macropygia
Reinwardtoena
Turacoena
Turtur
Oena
Chalcophaps
Henicophaps
Phaps
Ocyphaps
Geophaps
Petrophassa
Geopelia
Leucosarcia
Zenaida
Ectopistes (extinct)
Columbina
Claravis
Metropelia
Scardafella
Uropelia
Leptotila
Geotrygon
Starnoenas
Caloenas
Gallicolumba
Trugon
Microgoura (extinct?)

Subfamily Otidiphabinae
Otidiphaps

Subfamily Gourinae
Goura

Subfamily Didunculinae
Didunculus

Subfamily Treroninae
Phapitreron
Treron
Ptilinopus
Drepanoptila
Alectroenas
Ducula
Lopholaimus
Hemiphaga
Cryptophaps
Gymnophaps

A doves come a 308 species of near passerine birds in the order Columbiformes. A terms dove & pigeon come utilized interchangeably, although little coinage come extra belike to exist as known as doves.

A mintage normally referred to even as a "pigeon" is the savage Rock Dove.

Pigeons & doves come stout-bodied birds by having short necks & short slender bills by owning the fleshy cere.

A ill constructed nests come processed of sticks, & them whiten eggs are incubated by each sexes. Doves feed upon seeds, fruit and other easy plantstuffs. Unlike virtually all more birds, (however understand flamingo), the doves & pigeons green goods "crop milk", which is secreted by a shedding of fluid-filled cells from either the lining of the crop. Each sexes develop this extremely alimentary substance to feed to the young.

This personal occurs worldwide, however a greatest kind is in the Indomalaya and Australasia ecozones. These are related to the out dodos. A immature doves & pigeons come known as 'squabs'. The individual world health organization keeps pigeons is known as the 'pigeon enthusiast'.

Symbolism

Whiten doves come the traditional symbol of love and peace. The dove was supposed to keep around been freed by Noah after the flood sequentially to locate land; it come back carrying an olive branch, telling Noah that, somewhere, there was land. The dove by using an olive branch has since so are to symbolize peace. Around Christian iconography, a dove likewise symbolizes a Holy Spirit, in information to Matthew 3:16 and Luke 3:22 where a Holy Spirit appeared as a dove at the Baptism of Jesus.

Doves or even more birds come typically freed at weddings. It should exist as noted that these birds, unless it is trained homing pigeons, just can not exist in the uncivilized & may either starve to demise or even become easily prey for predators.

Within politics the name "dove" is every now and again applied to numbers world health organization favour peaceful solutions to problems when opposed to "hawks", who favour aggressive action.

Classification & species list
A personal is commonly divided into 5 subfamilies, when follows; genus sequentially on this text follows Vade mecum of the Birds of the Globe (Lynx, 1997):

Subfamily Columbinae - typical pigeons & doves
Genus Columba Typical pigeons Rock Dove or feral pigeon, Columba livia Stock Dove Columba oenas Trocaz Pigeon Columba trocaz Bolle's Pigeon Columba bollii Laurel Pigeon Columba junoniae White-crowned Pigeon Columba leucocephala Red-billed Pigeon Columba flavirostris Band-tailed Pigeon Columba fasciata Hill Pigeon, Columba rupestris Snow Pigeon, Columba leuconota Speckled Pigeon, Columba guinea White-collared Pigeon, Columba albitorques Pale-backed Pigeon, Columba eversmanni Somali Pigeon, Columba oliviae Wood Pigeon, Columba palumbus Afep Pigeon, Columba unicincta African Olive Pigeon, Columba arquatrix Cameroon Olive Pigeon, Columba sjostedti Sao Tome Olive Pigeon, Columba thomensis Comoro Olive Pigeon, Columba polleni Speckled Woodpigeon, Columba hodgsonii White-naped Pigeon, Columba albinucha Ashy Woodpigeon, Columba pulchricollis Nilgiri Woodpigeon, Columba elphinstonii Sri Lanka Woodpigeon, Columba torringtoni Pale-capped Pigeon, Columba punicea Silvery Pigeon, Columba argentina Andaman Woodpigeon, Columba palumboides Japanese Woodpigeon, Columba janthina Metallic Pigeon or White-throated Pigeon, Columba vitiensis White-headed Pigeon, Columba leucomela Yellow-legged Pigeon, Columba pallidiceps White-crowned Pigeon, Columba leucocephala Scaly-naped Pigeon, Columba squamosa Scaled Pigeon, Columba speciosa Picazuro Pigeon, Columba picazuro Bare-eyed Pigeon, Columba corensis Spot-winged Pigeon, Columba maculosa Band-tailed Pigeon, Columba fasciata Chilean Pigeon, Columba araucana Ring-tailed Pigeon, Columba caribaea Pale-vented Pigeon, Columba cayennensis Red-billed Pigeon, Columba flavirostris Peruvian Pigeon, Columba oenops Plain Pigeon, Columba inornata Plumbeous Pigeon, Columba plumbea Ruddy Pigeon, Columba subvinacea Short-billed Pigeon, Columba nigrirostris Dusky Pigeon, Columba goodsoni Eastern Bronze-naped Pigeon, Columba delegorguei Western Bronze-naped Pigeon, Columba iriditorques Sao Tome Bronze-naped Pigeon, Columba malherbii African Lemon-dove, Columba larvata Sao Tome Lemon-dove, Columba simplex

Genus Streptopelia Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto Barbary Dove Streptopelia risoria (domesticated; taxonomical status doubtful) African Collared Dove, Streptopelia roseogrisea Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis Dusky Turtle Dove, Streptopelia lugens Adamawa Turtle Dove, Streptopelia hypopyrrha Pink Pigeon, Streptopelia mayeri Island Collared Dove, Streptopelia bitorquata White-winged Collared Dove, Streptopelia reichenowi African Mourning Dove, Streptopelia decipiens Red-eyed Dove, Streptopelia semitorquata Ring-necked Dove, Streptopelia capicola Vinaceous Dove, Streptopelia vinacea Red Turtle Dove, Streptopelia tranquebarica Madagascar Turtle Dove, Streptopelia picturata

Genus Macropygia Barred Cuckoo-dove, Macropygia unchall Slender-billed Cuckoo-dove, Macropygia amboinensis Brown Cuckoo-dove, Macropygia phasianella Dusky Cuckoo-dove, Macropygia magna Andaman Cuckoo-dove, Macropygia rufipennis Philippine Cuckoo-dove, Macropygia tenuirostris Ruddy Cuckoo-dove, Macropygia emiliana Black-billed Cuckoo-dove, Macropygia nigrirostris Mackinlay's Cuckoo-dove, Macropygia mackinlayi Little Cuckoo-dove, Macropygia ruficeps

Genus Reinwardtoena Great Cuckoo-dove, Reinwardtoena reinwardtii Pied Cuckoo-dove, Reinwardtoena browni Crested Cuckoo-dove, Reinwardtoena crassirostris

Genus Turacoena White-faced Cuckoo-dove, Turacoena manadensis Black Cuckoo-dove, Turacoena modesta

Genus Turtur Emerald-spotted Wood Dove, Turtur chalcospilos Black-billed Wood Dove, Turtur abyssinicus Blue-spotted Wood Dove, Turtur afer Tambourine Dove, Turtur tympanistria Blue-headed Wood Dove, Turtur brehmeri

Genus Oena Namaqua Dove, Oena capensis

Genus Chalcophaps Emerald Dove, Chalcophaps indica Stephan's Dove, Chalcophaps stephani

Genus Henicophaps New Guinea Bronzewing, Henicophaps albifrons New Britain Bronzewing, Henicophaps foersteri

Genus Phaps, bronzewing pigeons Common Bronzewing, Phaps chalcoptera Brush Bronzewing, Phaps elegans Flock Bronzewing, Phaps histrionica

Genus Ocyphaps Crested Pigeon, Ocyphaps lophotes

Genus Geophaps Spinifex Pigeon, Geophaps plumifera Squatter Pigeon, Geophaps scripta Partridge Pigeon, Geophaps smithii

Genus Petrophassa, rock pigeons Chestnut-quilled Rock Pigeon, Petrophassa rufipennis White-quilled Rock Pigeon, Petrophassa albipennis

Genus Geopelia Diamond Dove, Geopelia cuneata Zebra Dove, Geopelia striata Peaceful Dove, Geopelia placida Barred Dove, Geopelia maugei Bar-shouldered Dove, Geopelia humeralis

Genus Leucosarcia Wonga Pigeon, Leucosarcia melanoleuca

Genus Zenaida Socorro Dove, Zenaida graysoni Eared Dove, Zenaida auriculata Zenaida Dove, Zenaida aurita Galapagos Dove, Zenaida galapagoensis White-winged Dove, Zenaida asiatica Pacific Dove, Zenaida meloda Mourning Dove, Zenaida macroura

Genus Ectopistes Passenger Pigeon Ectopistes migratorius (extinct)

Genus Columbina Ground Doves Common Ground Dove, Columbina passerina Plain-breasted Ground Dove, Columbina minuta Ecuadorian Ground Dove, Columbina buckleyi Ruddy Ground Dove, Columbina talpacoti Picui Dove, Columbina picui Croaking Ground Dove, Columbina cruziana Blue-eyed Ground Dove, Columbina cyanopis

Genus Claravis Blue Ground Dove, Claravis pretiosa Purple-winged Ground Dove, Claravis godefrida Maroon-chested Ground Dove, Claravis mondetoura

Genus Metropelia Bare-faced Ground Dove, Metriopelia ceciliae Moreno's Ground Dove, Metriopelia morenoi Black-winged Ground Dove, Metriopelia melanoptera Golden-spotted Ground Dove, Metriopelia aymara

Genus Scardafella Inca Dove, Scardafella inca Scaled Dove, Scardafella squammata

Genus Uropelia Long-tailed Ground Dove, Uropelia campestris

Genus Leptotila White-tipped Dove, Leptotila verreauxi White-faced Dove, Leptotila megalura Grey-fronted Dove, Leptotila rufaxilla Grey-headed Dove, Leptotila plumbeiceps Pallid Dove, Leptotila pallida Brown-backed Dove, Leptotila battyi Grenada Dove, Leptotila wellsi Caribbean Dove, Leptotila jamaicensis Grey-chested Dove, Leptotila cassini Ochre-bellied Dove, Leptotila ochraceiventris Tolima Dove, Leptotila conoveri

Genus Geotrygon, quail-doves Purplish-backed Quail-dove, Geotrygon lawrencii Veracruz Quail-dove, Geotrygon carrikeri Costa Rica Quail-dove, Geotrygon costaricensis Russet-crowned Quail-dove, Geotrygon goldmani Sapphire Quail-dove, Geotrygon saphirina Grey-headed Quail-dove, Geotrygon caniceps Crested Quail-dove, Geotrygon versicolor Rufous-breasted Quail-dove, Geotrygon chiriquensis Olive-backed Quail-dove, Geotrygon veraguensis White-faced Quail-dove, Geotrygon albifacies Lined Quail-dove, Geotrygon linearis White-throated Quail-dove, Geotrygon frenata Key West Quail-dove, Geotrygon chrysia Bridled Quail-dove, Geotrygon mystacea Violaceous Quail-dove, Geotrygon violacea Ruddy Quail-dove, Geotrygon montana

Genus Starnoenas Blue-headed Quail Dove, Starnoenas cyanocephala

Genus Caloenas Nicobar Pigeon (Caloenas nicobarica). Nicobar Pigeon, Caloenas nicobarica

Genus Gallicolumba Luzon Bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba luzonica Mindanao Bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba criniger Mindoro Bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba platenae Negros Bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba keayi Sulu Bleeding-heart, Gallicolumba menagei Cinnamon Ground Dove, Gallicolumba rufigula Sulawesi Ground Dove, Gallicolumba tristigmata White-bibbed Ground Dove, Gallicolumba jobiensis Caroline Ground Dove, Gallicolumba kubaryi Polynesian Ground Dove, Gallicolumba erythroptera White-throated Ground Dove, Gallicolumba xanthonura Friendly Ground Dove, Gallicolumba stairi Santa Cruz Ground Dove, Gallicolumba sanctaecrucis Thick-billed Ground Dove, Gallicolumba salamonis Marquesas Ground Dove, Gallicolumba rubescens Bronze Ground Dove, Gallicolumba beccarii Palau Ground Dove, Gallicolumba canifrons Wetar Ground Dove, Gallicolumba hoedtii Norfolk Island Ground Dove, Gallicolumba norfolciensis (extinct)

Genus Trugon Thick-billed Ground Pigeon, Trugon terrestris

Genus Microgoura Choiseul Pigeon, Microgoura meeki (probably extinct)

Subfamily Otidiphabinae - pheasant pigeon
Genus Otidiphaps Pheasant Pigeon, Otidiphaps nobilis

Subfamily Gourinae - crowned pigeons
Victoria Crowned Pigeon (Goura victoria) Genus Goura crowned pigeons Western Crowned Pigeon, Goura cristata Southern Crowned Pigeon, Goura scheepmakeri Victoria Crowned Pigeon, Goura victoria

Subfamily Didunculinae - tooth-billed pigeon
Genus Didunculus Tooth-billed Pigeon, Didunculus strigirostris

Subfamily Treroninae - green & fruit doves
Genus Phapitreron White-eared Brown Dove, Phapitreron leucotis Amethyst Brown Dove, Phapitreron amethystina Dark-eared Brown Dove, Phapitreron cinereiceps

Genus Treron green pigeons Cinnamon-headed Green Pigeon, Treron fulvicollis Little Green Pigeon, Treron olax Pink-necked Green Pigeon, Treron vernans Orange-breasted Green Pigeon, Treron bicincta Pompadour Green Pigeon, Treron pompadora Thick-billed Green Pigeon, Treron curvirostra Grey-cheeked Green Pigeon, Treron griseicauda Sumba Green Pigeon, Treron teysmannii Flores Green Pigeon, Treron floris Timor Green Pigeon, Treron psittacea Large Green Pigeon, Treron capellei Yellow-footed Green Pigeon, Treron phoenicoptera Bruce's Green Pigeon, Treron waalia Madagascar Green Pigeon, Treron australis African Green Pigeon, Treron calva Pemba Green Pigeon, Treron pembaensis Sao Tome Green Pigeon, Treron sanctithomae Pin-tailed Green Pigeon, Treron apicauda Sumatran Green Pigeon, Treron oxyura Yellow-vented Green Pigeon, Treron seimundi Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon, Treron sphenura White-bellied Green Pigeon, Treron sieboldii Whistling Green Pigeon, Treron formosae

Genus Ptilinopus, fruit doves Black-backed Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus cinctus Black-banded Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus alligator Red-naped Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus dohertyi Pink-headed Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus porphyreus Flame-breasted Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus marchei Cream-bellied Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus merrilli Yellow-breasted Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus occipitalis Red-eared Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus fischeri Jambu Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus jambu Maroon-chinned Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus subgularis Black-chinned Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus leclancheri Scarlet-breasted Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus bernsteinii Wompoo Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus magnificus Pink-spotted Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus perlatus Ornate Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus ornatus Tanna Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus tannensis Orange-fronted Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus aurantiifrons Wallace's Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus wallacii Superb Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus superbus Many-coloured Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus perousii Purple-capped Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus porphyraceus Palau Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus pelewensis Rarotonga Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus rarotongensis Mariana Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus roseicapilla Rose-crowned Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus regina Silver-capped Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus richardsii Grey-green Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus purpuratus Makatea Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus chalcurus Atoll Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus coralensis Red-bellied Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus greyii Rapa Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus huttoni White-capped Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus dupetithouarsii Red-moustached Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus mercierii Henderson Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus insularis Coroneted Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus coronulatus Beautiful Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus pulchellus Blue-capped Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus monacha White-bibbed Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus rivoli Yellow-bibbed Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus solomonensis Claret-breasted Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus viridis White-headed Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus eugeniae Orange-bellied Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus iozonus Knob-billed Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus insolitus Grey-headed Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus hyogaster Carunculated Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus granulifrons Black-naped Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus melanospila Dwarf Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus nanus Negros Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus arcanus Orange Dove, Ptilinopus victor Golden Dove, Ptilinopus luteovirens Whistling Dove, Ptilinopus layardi

Genus Drepanoptila Cloven-feathered Dove, Drepanoptila holosericea

Genus Alectroenas blue pigeons Madagascar Blue Pigeon, Alectroenas madagascariensis Comoro Blue Pigeon, Alectroenas sganzini Seychelles Blue Pigeon, Alectroenas pulcherrima

Genus Ducula imperial pigeons Chestnut-naped Imperial Pigeon (Ducula aenea paulina). Other names for this bird are Celebes Imperial Pigeon, Celebes Green Imperial Pigeon and Green Imperial Pigeon.

Pink-bellied Imperial Pigeon, Ducula poliocephala White-bellied Imperial Pigeon, Ducula forsteni Mindoro Imperial Pigeon, Ducula mindorensis Grey-headed Imperial Pigeon, Ducula radiata Grey-necked Imperial Pigeon, Ducula carola Green Imperial Pigeon, Ducula aenea White-eyed Imperial Pigeon, Ducula perspicillata Blue-tailed Imperial Pigeon, Ducula concinna Pacific Imperial Pigeon, Ducula pacifica Micronesian Imperial Pigeon, Ducula oceanica Polynesian Imperial Pigeon, Ducula aurorae Nukuhiva Imperial Pigeon, Ducula galeata Red-knobbed Imperial Pigeon, Ducula rubricera Spice Imperial Pigeon, Ducula myristicivora Purple-tailed Imperial Pigeon, Ducula rufigaster Cinnamon-bellied Imperial Pigeon, Ducula basilica Finsch's Imperial Pigeon, Ducula finschii Shinning Imperial Pigeon, Ducula chalconota Island Imperial Pigeon, Ducula pistrinaria Pink-headed Imperial Pigeon, Ducula rosacea Christmas Imperial Pigeon, Ducula whartoni Grey Imperial Pigeon, Ducula pickeringii Peale's Imperial Pigeon, Ducula latrans Chestnut-bellied Imperial Pigeon, Ducula brenchleyi Vanuatu Imperial Pigeon, Ducula bakeri New Caledonian Imperial Pigeon, Ducula goliath Pinon's Imperial Pigeon, Ducula pinon Bismarck Imperial Pigeon, Ducula melanochroa Collared Imperial Pigeon, Ducula mullerii Zoe's Imperial Pigeon, Ducula zoeae Mountain Imperial Pigeon, Ducula badia Dark-backed Imperial Pigeon, Ducula lacernulata Timor Imperial Pigeon, Ducula cineracea Pied Imperial Pigeon, Ducula bicolor Torresian Imperial Pigeon, Ducula spilorrhoa White Imperial Pigeon, Ducula luctuosa

Genus Lopholaimus Topknot Pigeon, Lopholaimus antarcticus

Genus Hemiphaga New Zealand Pigeon, Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae

Genus Cryptophaps Sombre Pigeon, Cryptophaps poecilorrhoa

Genus Gymnophaps, mountain pigeons Papuan Mountain Pigeon, Gymnophaps albertisii Long-tailed Mountain Pigeon, Gymnophaps mada Pale Mountain Pigeon, Gymnophaps solomonensis